Mustard is the chief oilseed crop grown in Mathura occupies more than 48,000 ha land with an
average productivity of 17.5q/ha. Although, Mathura ranks 1st in terms of average production and
productivity , yet its productivity can be further increased by adopting scientific production
technologies.
Soil: Mustard can be grown in wide range of soils but the soils having pH value ranging between 7.2
to 7.8 are considered as best. There must have proper drainage in soil.
Field preparation: As soon the rains stop in the last of September 2-3 ploughings followed by
planking is done to conserve moisture. In Mathura mostly In situ sowing is done after reaching a
proper temperature of around 30 degree celcius.
Seed Rate: Generally 5kg seed of certified varieties is recommended but few new varieties having
profuse branching requires around 3kg seed.
Important varieties: Early Sown-Uravasi, Pusa agarni, Pusa jai kissan,Narendra ageti rai-4,Maya
Timely sown- NRCDR-2, NRCHM-101, RH-749,RH-406,IJ-31,Alankar,Pusa-27,Pusa-28,Kranti,Pusa
Bold,Rohini
Late sown- Kanti,Ashirvad,Kiran,Vaibabh,Vardan
Yellow Seeded – Pitambari,Pusa Jaganath,Basanti,Narendra swaran rai-8 Hayolla
Suitable for Saline soils- NDR-8501,CS-52,CS-54 are some popular varirties recommended for the
district.
Sowing Method and Time: Sowing is done at a depth of 3-4 cm, at a spacing of 15cmx 45cm
between plant to plant and rows followed by light planking generally in last week of September to
1st fortnight of october.
Fertilizer management: The balance fertilizers should be applied as per the soil test basis. Under
assured irrigation conditions NPK@120:60:60 should be applied. It is better to use Single Super
Phosphate to supply phosphorous. In case P is supplied through DAP, then Gypsum@200kg should
be incorporated in soil before sowing or 40kg sulphur per hectare should be applied. Besides, Boron
@2.5 to 3kg per hectare should be applied as basal dose.
Inter culture operations/ weeding- Do manual weeding before and after 1st irrigation. To control
weeds chemically apply Flucholorine 45EC @2.2lt in 800lt water at the time of last ploughing or Use
Pendamethyline @ 3.3lt within 48 hours of sowing.
Thinning: Thinning is an important activity to be conducted in mustard after 15-20 days of sowing.
It is a process of removing plants from the field where these are densely germinated.
Irrigation: Mustard is highly susceptible at the time of flowering and pod filling by moisture stress,
thus, if there is moisture stress in crop, irrigate it on these two stages which generally falls around
30-35 and 60-65 days after sowing. In Mathura just one irrigation at flowering stage is provided.
Very few farmers having light soils provide two irrigations.
Plant Protection: Major diseases- Altenaria blight, White rust,and Stem rot. To control alteraria
blight spray Mencozeb 75% or zeerum 80% @ 2kg per hectare or copper oxi chloride @3kg per
hectare. For control of white rust and stem rot use Reedomil MZ-72 @2.5kg per hectare.
Major insects: Saw fly,Painted bug,hairy caterpillar,Leaf roller and aphid. To control chewing and
cutting insects use melation dust 5% @ 20-25kg/ha or melathion 50EC @ 1.5lt/ha or DDVP 76SL
@0.5lt/ha.
To control sucking insects use Di metheoate 30EC or Methyal o dematone 25EC or Fenothion 50EC
or Chloropyphous 20EC @ 1lt/ha.
Harvesting: When around 75% crop turn into copper colour it should be harvested, dried and
thrashed to obtain oilseeds.